Provided by Bigger Pockets
The question is asked all the time: How can I estimate average rehab costs? Well, there is no average rehab cost because there is no average rehab.
Some properties will need major structural modifications; others just a lipstick approach. Some may have a recently remodeled kitchen, and others may have a 1950s galley kitchen.
But since this is such a popular topic, let’s see if we can try to make it at least (a little) feasible for a newbie to the construction world.
Ways to Go About It
First, there are several ways to get a price range for needed work on a property:
- Have a general contractor walk the property.
- Have a home inspector give you a report and use that to put together a budget.
- Develop a square footage cost per square foot for the whole project.
- Develop a square footage cost for each trade, like tile and drywall.
- Use an online calculator.
- Ask friends for help—ones that have had a recent remodel or may have some kind of construction experience.
Who to Work With
Of course, the best and by far the safest way, in the beginning, would be to use a veteran general contractor (GC) to walk the property and throw a rough number at the necessary and/or desired repairs or improvements. This is certainly possible, but most contractors will expect to be paid, and they cannot always fit such a small task (for them) into their schedule because you have a deadline due to escrow.
And note that I used the term “veteran” in describing this GC. It does you no good to use a new or young contractor fresh out of the exam room. You need someone with decades of experience, who can throw out a semi-accurate price just by looking at a property in an hour. They must have done dozens or hundreds of projects to be able to throw out an accurate price after a one-hour walk-through a house they have never seen before.
Note: You can (and many do) find a good general contractor who will walk every property for/with you and always give you a good, solid number. But be mindful that everyone—even this veteran old GC—can and will be wrong on occasion. Or sometimes, there are surprises hiding in the house that you will not see until demo is complete, or the building inspector makes his first visit to the property.
You can also use a home inspector to gather a list of information on needed repairs and deficiencies. You will (and should) use a licensed home inspector to inspect the property that you are considering purchasing. You do this once you have an accepted offer on the property, it is under contract, and you are within the inspection period.
But they can’t and won’t be able to throw a number at those tasks for you. It’s just not their job. Home inspectors are specialists, and most will have no true construction background. They might see it as opening themselves up to liability issues or, worse yet, a conflict of interest.
How to Calculate Costs
However, once you have this list, it’s certainly a good starting point. Then, you can use the internet to attach a price to each item on their report. This is a sensible and fairly safe approach.
But what about additional improvements you might want to have done, like adding a bathroom or remodeling the kitchen? Maybe you’d like to open up an old, claustrophobic house and convert the living room, dining room, and kitchen into a great room. Now you’re back to square one.
Develop a square footage cost. This will take longer, but as you complete a few jobs, just do the math and keep track of what you are paying. Does the tile contractor always seem to get about $5 a square foot for his installation? Does the drywall crew always end up at about $6 a square foot? These are real-world numbers that you can rely on.
You can also try to contact various subs and see if they will give you this square foot price. Some will, but many will not want to be bound by it.
There are online calculators out there, even one on the BiggerPockets site. They can be of some use, but I would warn not to completely rely on these. They cannot always account for different areas, or current price fluctuations, or a sudden change in the economy. But they can be very handy in assisting you get together a well-priced scope of work.
Ask people that you know and trust about their recent projects. Maybe you’ll get a good price on kitchen cabinets from one friend, and another will let you know what she paid to have her bathroom retiled.
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How to Customize Your Approach
I would suggest using a different approach for different sizes and types of projects. For example:
- You find a house that needs a complete remodel, right down to the studs. This will absolutely demand that you hire a GC to go to the site and walk it (with you there to watch and learn) and give you a rough price. You cannot be off by 20% on a $150,000 remodel project—there goes your profit, and that might actually turn into a loss. That’s not why we got into the business.
- You’ve found a nicely priced older home that has been well cared for, but nothing new or modern has been done to it in 30 years. It needs a modern kitchen, two new bathrooms, new flooring and paint, and a new roof. That’s maybe $45,000 worth of work. Once again, you can call the GC, or in this case, you can call subcontractors yourself and ask for prices on each trade. How much is the cost of cabinets? How about paint, tile, flooring?
- For a small job, $10,000 or so, possibly needing only paint, carpet, and new appliances, measure (very carefully) and go shopping yourself. Don’t forget to include all costs like taxes, delivery, installation, and the like.
It can be a sound approach to use a variety and combination of these possible choices until you find the most comfortable way for you to come up with a price range that you are willing to invest.
And it must be noted that, as you would expect, prices vary greatly by region, from state to state, and even city to city within a state, i.e., San Diego versus Los Angeles or San Francisco, or New York versus Buffalo.
Final Thoughts
The more you get your hands dirty and invest some of your own elbow grease in this process, the better you will get at estimating prices. It’s not easy, and yes, you can make mistakes that can cost a lot of money. But it is absolutely invaluable to be able to walk through a prospective fixer-upper house and put a pretty firm number on your construction costs. This will set you apart from your competition and should help you become profitable—there is a lot of money to be made in fixing up distressed houses!
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By Lauren Wingo
Dealing with an outside AC unit not turning on can be frustrating. Here are a few reasons why it could be happening and how to handle it.
Q: Living in a Southern state, we have the AC on for much of the year. But when I went outside earlier, I noticed that the outside AC unit wasn’t running. Why is my outside AC unit not turning on, and how can I get it working again before my house becomes a sauna?
A: During the hot summer months in particular, homeowners rely on their AC unit to stay cool. So, when an outside AC unit isn’t turning on, it’s essential to figure out why and find a solution as soon as possible.
Even the best air conditioners can have mechanical issues from time to time. If the AC unit has a split cooling system, two pieces allow the AC to turn on: an indoor evaporator and an outdoor compressor or condenser. If both pieces aren’t operating in tangent, the AC won’t turn on or produce cool air. Whether the AC outdoor unit turns on and you can’t feel it working, or it’s not starting at all, don’t worry—there are a few different things to try to get it working again. And if all else fails, you can contact one of the best HVAC companies (such as One Hour Heating & Air Conditioning or Aire Serv) to come out and fix the issue ASAP.
1. Make sure the thermostat is on, set to cool, and working correctly.
If the air conditioner is not cooling or isn’t even turning on, the first thing to do is examine the thermostat and see what temperature it has been set to. Someone else in the household could have raised the indoor temperature or turned the thermostat off entirely.
If it’s off, simply turn the thermostat back on, ensure it’s set to cool, and change the temperature to five degrees lower than what the ambient temperature of the room feels like. If the room starts cooling down, there most likely isn’t an issue with the outside AC units.
If it still doesn’t seem to be working and the thermostat is battery-powered, try replacing the batteries with fresh ones. Contact a specialist to examine if the wiring has gotten crossed or pests have chewed through the wires inside the wall.
2. The shut-off or emergency switch might be flipped.
Several sources of power an AC unit has that could have been accidentally turned off if the air conditioner is not turning on. Since the air conditioner outside unit has a different power source than an indoor AC unit, go outside to where the unit is located. Next to the unit, there should be a place that houses an emergency or shut-off switch. Someone could have left this switch in the “off” position accidentally. Ensure everything is plugged in and switched to the “on” position before going inside to see if the problem has been fixed.
There also may be a reset button on the outside AC unit that can be pushed. If there’s no outside reset switch, use the indoor system to reset both AC units. Turn off the breaker or thermostat and wait at least a minute before turning it back on. After it’s been reset, check to see if the outside unit powers back on and the room is cooling down.
3. Check the circuit breaker and see if there is a blown fuse.
There could have been a blown fuse to the circuit breaker that caused the outside AC unit to stop working correctly. A blown fuse is caused by an overloaded circuit breaker, which can happen if the AC unit is overworked or the wires are loose and aging.
Head to the home’s circuit panel and check to see if any breakers have tripped. Next, turn them off then back on again. There may be an electrical problem if the breaker immediately trips once it’s turned back on, in which case an electrician will need to assess the situation. It’s important not to turn the circuit breaker back on again, as it could further damage the outside AC unit or other household appliances.
If the home has a fuse box, replace any fuses that appear to have blown. The home’s AC unit may also have its own shut-off box. If the fuse is blown there, an HVAC contractor will have to replace it.
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4. The capacitor might be failing.
A capacitor holds the energy that the AC unit outside needs to power on. There may be a buzzing noise coming from the outside AC unit if the capacitor fails because the AC condenser fan is trying to spin without power from the capacitor. An AC unit has two capacitors: a run capacitor and a start capacitor. A start capacitor provides the first push to spin the condenser fan. A run capacitor varies between two subtypes, a single run and a dual run.
No matter which capacitor a home’s AC unit has, they age and wear over time, causing it to fail. Overwork, extreme heat, or power surges can speed up this process.
To test whether the capacitor is failing, attempt to spin the condenser fan using a thin piece of wood to avoid pinching fingers. If it’s a dual-run capacitor and the AC fan starts spinning, there may be debris or dust in the AC fan motor, or the AC fan motor is damaged. With both single and dual capacitors, if the AC fan doesn’t spin at all, the capacitor has most likely failed.
5. There might be a problem with the condensate drain line.
An AC condensate drain line works by eliminating the water built up when the AC’s evaporator converts refrigerant from liquid to gas. If it’s not cleaned, algae and grime can build up in the drain line.
A line can also get clogged due to high humidity. Once it’s clogged, the line will trip a safety switch that turns the air conditioner off. To unclog the condensate drain line, turn off the HVAC unit and use a wet/dry vacuum to clear what’s clogging the drain. If the problem persists, seek a professional’s assistance to minimize damage.
6. The unit may be low on freon.
Freon is a chemical refrigerant that cools warm or hot air from the outside before entering the home. Freon usually runs through a closed loop within the home, meaning that there’s most likely a leak within the system if the unit is low on freon. This can cause the AC to stop working. Signs of a leak include ice buildup on the outside unit, only warm air coming out of the vents, and a hissing noise near the AC, signifying a more extensive leak. Since refrigerants can be dangerous to handle, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires a licensed professional to purchase and handle refrigerants.
While there are many reasons why an outside AC unit may not be working correctly, there are steps to pinpoint the problem. Once the issue is discovered, be sure to consult a professional who can assess the damage and safely restore the system to normal. In the meantime, consider investing in one of the best portable indoor air conditioners to stay cool while the AC is not functioning.
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Source: Apogee Capital
Ever since we started investing in real estate, we had friends approach us and share how they too were interested in investing in this type of asset class. After a number of these interactions, we began to see a pattern in the conversations.
Someone would begin the conversation about how they had heard about the benefits of real estate but they did not have the time to manage a property, patience to deal with difficult tenants or knowledge to identify a profitable deal.
Having been landlords of single-family homes ourselves, we understand firsthand the challenges these individuals were considering. We have seen many people who have made a real estate purchase that did not turn out as they expected either because of problems with the property or tenants. This resulted in them not achieving their expected returns or simply being more stressed and frustrated than what it is worth.
One alternative to this dilemma is passively investing in real estate deals.
There are numerous ways to do this, but we want to mention just a few of the benefits specific to passively investing in a commercial multifamily property. First, you have the economies of scale that come as the result of investing in multiple units. When you are invested in say 50 units instead of 1, should one of the units be vacant for an extended time or a large expense come up you still have 49 other units producing income during this time. This means that you are losing 2% of your income instead of the 100% that you would lose if this happened with a single house.
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Secondly the acquisition, management and disposition of the property can be handled by knowledgeable professionals. When you are flying in a plane and suddenly enter an area with large turbulence, you do not start saying “I sure wish I was piloting this plane right now!” Why not? Perhaps because the plane is being flown by a pilot who has the knowledge and experience to successfully navigate this difficult scenario and your safety is truly best placed in his hands.
While investing is certainly not too difficult for any individual to learn, there are strong merits with placing your hard-earned money in the care of those who best know how to handle the turbulent situations that are sometimes encountered in real estate investing. Multifamily investing employs a team of professionals that includes not only the syndicator but also the property manager, real estate attorney, CPA and others.
Finally, multifamily offers the opportunity to passively invest in a recession proof asset class. Based on a CBRE research report, “multifamily rents have outperformed those of the other major property sectors during and after the 2008-2009 recession in three ways. The sector experienced the lowest level of rent decline, the fastest recovery to pre-recession peaks and the longest post-recession period of rent growth.”
We know that people have to have a place to live which supports the demand for attainable housing regardless of economic conditions.
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