Provided by Rental Housing Journal
Here is a look at 4 kinds of front doors you can choose for your rental property when you are making repairs or replacing and the pros and cons of each.
The look, feel and features of a rental property’s front door are more important to tenants than landlords and property managers might think.
The front door is one of those subtle elements that can actually make a big difference to the overall feel of a property. Experts point out that a property’s front door can actually be responsible for significant fluctuations in the value of the property.
Potential tenants will likely take notice of a damaged, flimsy or older-looking entryways. They could interpret this as a sign of lack of upkeep for the property or concern for the well-being of tenants.
Additionally, a damaged front door can make it easy for burglars to identify a certain property as one that they could successfully break into.
Purchasing a brand-new front door is not a routine expense. So, if you are thinking of replacing old doors or upgrading doors on your property, here are some front door materials to consider:
1. Ultra-customizable – wooden doors can be tailored to match countless designs, shapes and color schemes, while also being able to house additional decorative elements, such as glass mosaics and panels
2. Flexible price points – the unique natural look of wood can be accessible for most budgets as different varieties of woods are available at a variety of price points
3. Unique look – Many property owners and designers find wood to be worth the investment as it presents a naturally variegated and “high-end” refined look that other man-made materials cannot replicate
Cons:
1. Weather-sensitive – wood is a material that is prone to be affected by its exposure to the weather and other environmental elements. Direct sunlight can fade the natural coloring of the wood, and high-moisture levels in the air (or from precipitation alone) can lead to warping and even rotting of the wood
2. High-maintenance – to ensure that the wood ages well and without being damaged by the natural elements discussed above, it’s essential to regularly treat the wood. Tinctures and sealants should be regularly applied by a reliable maintenance professional, which will be an added maintenance cost to consider.
3. High-price for top-quality – some wood varieties are naturally more resistant and sophisticated-looking, which contributes to their one-of-a-kind appeal and/or ability to last through the years without needing major attention. Premium varieties, such as mahogany or cedar, will be considerably pricier.

1. Super safe – when it comes to property intrusions, reinforced steel doors are known to be safest against breaches, allowing for increased confidence in a property’s overall defenses against unwanted visitors.
2. Affordable but effective – when considering its wood and fiberglass counterparts, steel stands out as being far more affordable, while still offering the safety element that it shares with fiberglass and being much more low-maintenance than wood and its issues with exposure and aging.
Cons:
1. Insulation is not its forte – steel is a known conductor of heat and electricity, which makes it problematic when it comes to wanting to keep a property’s interior temperature at a set level. Steel will contribute to heating up the space when heated by outside temperatures and/or sunlight and will struggle to keep the cold out during the winter months. Insulating layers and treatments can improve this downside, but they will come at an added cost.
2. Denting – steel can easily become dented or chipped following impact, and this often results in unappealing marks that are difficult to completely erase. To effectively get right of the unappealing look of those visible surface damages, an entirely new door might need to be purchased.
3. Rusting – while steel is not as sensitive to moisture as wood, it can easily rust over time as it is exposed to moisture and precipitation. Our experts encourage consulting the manufacturer to understand whether and how professional treatments can help with rustproofing.
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1. Unique look – solid glass doors can be made to match a great variety of preferred styles, with varying cuts, shapes and opacity available to be reproduced as desired.
2. Luminosity – glass allows natural light to enter the home like no other material can, which some property owners find to be a valuable addition to the look and feel of their property.
Cons:
1. Fragility – experts agree that glass is naturally delicate even when it is reinforced, making it essential to be mindful of potential scratches, cracks and chipping that could easily occur.
2. Privacy – while some might be excited about the way glass allows for natural light to illuminate the home, some can be put off by the way glass makes it easy for passerby’s to peek inside a property
3. Questionable safety factor – glass door made for the purpose of being utilized as a property’s front door are generally reinforced to make it difficult for intruders to gain access by easily shattering the glass surface. This being said, glass remains rather fragile and much easier to break than wood, steel, and fiberglass combined.

1. Versatile – fiberglass paneling is man-made, which allows for creating a variety of unique textures and styles. Fiberglass doors can be made to resemble a natural wood grain, or also present smooth and glossy or matte and satin surfaces for distinguished coloring that can match a variety of architectural elements.
2. Resistant – many property owners choose fiberglass front doors as opposed to wood because they are not vulnerable to discoloration and damage from exposure, while still closely resembling the look of wood. They are also more resistant to wear and tear than their steel counterpart.
3. Low-maintenance – these doors should be maintained occasionally as they age, but they do not require sealants to be regularly applied, which does help with saving considerable amounts when it comes to maintenance expenses.
4. Secure – our experts confirm that fiberglass doors are just as secure as their steel counterpart, which allows them to stand strong and dent-free following forced impact
5. Efficient – while all door types can be treated to add insulating properties, fiberglass vastly surpasses wooden and steel door when it comes to insulation. While steel will always struggle with efficiently insulating and wood is vulnerable to temperature and humidity changes, fiberglass is not affected by any of these issues. Having optimal insulation can help ensure lower energy use and expenses as it allows for a property to easily remain hot or cool temperatures as desired.
6. Affordable – while aesthetic additions – such as integrated wood or glass decors – will rise costs, basic fiberglass door models are generally rather affordable.
Cons:
Pricey add-ons – fiberglass doors are fairly affordable. But can get expensive as they are further customized with the addition of decorative elements or coats.
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By Jeff Rohde
A rental property pro forma is a comprehensive document that projects the income and expenses of a particular property. It typically offers the prospective buyer a crystal-clear picture of their potential returns.
Unlike actual financial statements, which record past transactions, a pro forma is forward-looking. It’s a blueprint, a hypothetical scenario based on a few well-informed assumptions about how a property may perform financially.
Understanding and creating a robust pro forma can significantly impact your expectations and ultimately, your investment decisions.
Sellers often use pro formas to present their properties in the best light, highlighting potential for growth and profitability that may not be reflected in past or current financials. Buyers benefit by making their own assumptions and peering into the future to see the viability of an investment before committing hard-earned money.
To help save you time when creating one for yourself, we provide a free pro forma template below. We also break down its components, analyze a buyer’s and seller’s perspectives of the document, and share pitfalls to avoid.
The following pro forma components are some of the key pieces you’ll want to use to paint a realistic picture of a property’s financial potential. This in turn creates a foundation for making informed investment decisions. Here’s a closer look at each section…
When detailing revenue sources, a pro forma’s primary focus is the property’s rental income. However, it’s crucial not to overlook additional revenue streams that can boost your bottom line, including:
Accurately projecting these figures requires market research and an analysis of comparable properties to help ensure your estimates are realistic and competitive. Consider using tools like the Zillow Rent Estimate Calculator, Rentometer, or Stessa’s Rent Estimate reports.
This category includes all costs necessary to maintain and manage your investment, such as:
Accounting for vacancy rates is also wise, meaning you should estimate how long and how often the property might sit empty between tenants.
For many investors, purchasing a rental property involves securing financing. In your pro forma, detail these expenses, including:
These factors influence your monthly mortgage payments and the net cash flow generated by the property.
Capital expenditures include major repairs or improvements that increase the property’s value and/or extend its life, such as:
Unlike routine maintenance expenses, CapEx investments are not made annually. They’re used for long-term property value preservation and growth. However, consider setting aside a portion of your rental income in a reserve account each month to ensure the money is available when and if you need it.
Accurately forecasting these expenses in your pro forma helps ensure you’re prepared for significant future outlays, preventing an unexpected impact on your cash flow or paying out of pocket from personal funds.
To help streamline your investment analysis, use our free rental property pro forma template. Incorporating the key components into this template—revenue sources, operating expenses, financing details, and CapEx forecasts—helps you create a detailed financial overview of your rental properties.
To download the template in your preferred format, click either link below. Whether you’re analyzing a new investment opportunity or assessing the ongoing performance of current properties, this template can become a vital part of your real estate investment toolkit.

Download the complete rental property pro forma template in Excel here.
Download the complete rental property pro forma template in Google Sheets here.
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A well-crafted pro forma is more than mere numbers; it offers a narrative of what a property may be able to achieve over time.
For buyers, a pro forma is a lens through which they can assess an investment’s potential returns and valuation. Sellers use it to outline their property’s strengths and future financial prospects, in the hopes of making the opportunity more attractive to interested investors.
When buyers analyze a rental property through a pro forma, their goal is typically to unearth opportunities and risks that aren’t immediately apparent. Here are a few key factors to evaluate in a pro forma if you’re a potential buyer:
Sellers can use the pro forma to highlight aspects of the property that might be overlooked or undervalued. Here are a few ways to create a compelling story for interested buyers:
A well-prepared rental property pro forma can offer a detailed view of specific metrics, which help evaluate the health and potential of your investment. Here are some key financial benchmarks to include.
A cash flow analysis measures the net amount of cash transferred into and out of a property investment over a certain period. It’s essential for understanding your investment’s liquidity and immediate financial health.
Example
Suppose your rental generates $2,000 in rent monthly, and your total monthly expenses (including mortgage, taxes, insurance, and maintenance) are $1,500. Your monthly cash flow would be $500.
NOI is a property’s total income minus its total operating expenses, excluding financing costs. This figure helps evaluate the property’s intrinsic income-generating capabilities, independent of how it’s financed, providing a pure look at its operational effectiveness.
Example
If your rental brings in $24,000 annually in rent and incurs $8,000 in annual operating expenses, the NOI would be $16,000.
The cap rate offers a snapshot of a property’s yield within a specific time frame, calculated by dividing the NOI by the property’s current market value. It’s instrumental in comparing the relative value of similar properties in the same market and understanding market trends.
Example
For a rental valued at $300,000 with an NOI of $16,000, the cap rate would be approximately 5.33% ($16,000/$300,000). A higher cap rate may indicate a higher return but may also come with higher risk. A lower cap rate suggests a potentially safer investment in a more mature market that may sometimes offer greater upside on appreciation.
ROI measures the overall profitability of an investment, calculated by dividing the net profit of the investment by the initial cost. It provides a high-level view of the investment’s performance over time.
Example
Assume you bought a rental for $250,000 and, after a few years of operation and appreciation, sold it for $350,000. After subtracting all costs (e.g., closing fees and a real estate commission), your net profit is $80,000. The ROI would be 32% ($80,000/$250,000), illustrating the investment’s growth in value beyond its basic cash flow.
This metric calculates the cash income earned on the cash invested in a property, offering a clear picture of the investment’s net cash yield based on the actual cash outlay. It’s useful for evaluating the effectiveness of your cash investment in generating income from rental real estate versus alternative investments.
Example
Say you made a down payment of $50,000 on a rental property, your annual cash flow after all expenses (opex + capex) was $6,000 in the first year. Your cash-on-cash return would be 12% ($6,000/$50,000) for the year.
You can ensure a more reliable analysis of your rental property by avoiding these common mistakes:
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Article provided by Fair Housing Institute
It’s simply a part of any property; your residents aren’t always going to agree. This makes conflict inevitable, but the key turning point is when it turns into bullying and harassment. To be clear, the Fair Housing Act states that resident bullying and harassment cannot be tolerated. Are you sure that your property, as a whole, has the best practices in place when it comes to resident bullying and harassment? Let’s go over four key points that occur during this situation and highlight best practices for each.
Your staff members typically have the most contact with your residents. They’re the listening ear and first point of contact for many issues, including incidents of harassment and bullying. So, what if your staff member witnesses a case of resident bullying?
First and foremost, any member of staff who is not involved with management should not get involved in the situation in any way. This is because not all staff members will have the training to discern a personality conflict from a conflict based on a protected category/class.
The training you should invest in for all staff members is twofold: incident reaction and documentation. Training all staff members to stay a witness to an incident involving resident bullying and harassment is your first step. The next steps are to ensure everyone understands how to document the witnessed occurrence properly. Any little detail missed can impact management’s investigation of the incident.
So, a staff member has witnessed and documented a conflict between two residents that they perceived to be bullying and/or harassment. What are management’s next steps? Along the same lines as staff members training, ensure every step you take is documented well when following up on the reported incident.
Your first important step is to establish that there is bullying and/or harassment taking place between the residents. If there is enough evidence found to support this claim, you cannot hesitate to launch an investigation. Why is this?
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The most important answer to the above question is quite simple: investigation hesitation can lead to a violation of the Fair Housing Act. It is illegal for harassment to persist with no action on behalf of the housing provider.
As a follow-up answer, the housing provider will almost always be the focus of the legal case if a court investigation is launched. This is based on the fact that the housing provider is operating as an asset of a property management company, therefore, they have more money to pay in a settlement, as opposed to an individual who was the cause of the bullying. In summary, if you want to avoid a pricey settlement on top of a violation fine, it’s best that you launch an investigation as soon as it has been proven harassment is taking place.
Once you have your documentation in place, from the incident report to the investigation, it is up to management to issue consequential action. Bullying and harassment are not only against the Fair Housing Act but also a violation of the resident’s lease.
So, depending on the severity of the situation, a lease violation or termination can be issued. A zero-tolerance for bullying and harassment policy can also be installed as part of your property for further proof of a decision made by management.
In conclusion, situations of harassment and bullying will occur on any property. And they’re tough incidents to deal with. In any case, remember the discussed best practices: ensure your staff is properly trained, incident documentation is as thorough as possible, don’t give in to investigation hesitation, and consider a zero-tolerance policy.
Above all else, remember the Fair Housing Act is against bullying and harassment of any kind. So, ensure you’re following through on your responsibility to uphold and abide by its laws.
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Source: Rental Housing Journal
Small move sizes by renters are predicted to grow in 2024 mostly because the ratio of rental moves and homeowner moves changed.
A full 50% of moves in 2024 will be renters with small move sizes, predicts one report based on moving company request trends.
Looking ahead to the warm weather moving season’s busiest months, the report notes that “people who own homes aren’t moving. Only renters are moving. And renters have a lot less stuff.
So, in 2023, we saw the average move size drop by about 30%. Mostly because the ratio of rental moves and homeowner moves changed. So, we’ll continue to see rental moves make up a big portion of 2024 moves.”
The report‘s predictions are based on user behavior — when movers submit requests, interest in those destinations and sizes of moves are logged. If the trend continues, rentals will reign, and small-size movers will take a larger and larger percentage of overall moves this year.
Why? And what does that mean? We’ll dig into some factors we think are behind the trend.
Typically, renters have fewer items to move than owners. That makes them more likely to relocate than owners, who might have decades’ worth of possessions tucked into garages, basements, and attics. It makes renters more mobile than owners.
Owners have social and psychological reasons to stay put, too. They may be ensconced in their communities, from schools to places of worship and city councils.
In fact, one study showed renters were three times more likely than owners to have moved recently.
But that doesn’t explain why this year’s renters are taking an even larger share of the pie. Or does it?
When it’s easier to move without having to find a new job, more and more renters who are thinking about relocation are likely to jump in.
Long-distance moves continued to accelerate through 2023 as jobseekers looked outside their own cities in search of affordable housing and better quality of life. The remote-work renaissance during pandemic shut-downs made that possible, and it shows no signs of slowing years after lockdowns.
Some even say that return-to-office “died” in 2023, so workers may be feeling bolder that their jobs will accommodate new moves.
Because renters can pick up and move more easily with smaller move sizes, more small-move relocators get in on the trend.
At the same time, large move sizes (belonging to more homeowner moves) are stagnating.
While current interest rates can’t compete with their high 1990s counterparts, they’re still high compared to anything prospective homeowners have seen in the last two decades. That’s put a damper on home buying and it has encouraged owners who are moving to consider renting in their new location until rates come down.
With some speculation that this could happen by the end of the year, homeowners are more likely to put off moving for one more year, while renters face no such obstacles. They can move now, and many are.
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Recent inflation on everything from food to consumer goods, coupled with an ongoing housing shortage that’s been driving prices upward, has put pressure on renters to move. According to one survey, 56% of renters said they felt pressure to move in order to seek relief from increasing rents.
And, as prices rise, renters who have a mobility advantage can look outside their home cities for a discount. With remote jobs, they’re even more likely to do so.
The result? Renters are less likely than ever before to ask themselves if lower-rent regions are “worth it.” Of course they are! They can increasingly keep their jobs anywhere in the country while saving more — and maybe even increasing the likelihood that they become homeowners in the future.
In a world where renters can work just as much, but save more and live larger in a potentially safer, cleaner location closer to nature, why wouldn’t they?
More moves, more renters, and smaller move sizes?
Is that positive or negative? As housing transactions fall, demand for rental units necessarily rises, benefitting landlords. That small-size rental moves are grabbing a bigger share of the moving pie also predicts strong demand for rental properties, rising rates and competition for units.
However, there are benefits for renters that come with the trend toward smaller move sizes:
While some landlords fear a rental market crash in 2024, the reality is far more nuanced. In fact, demand for rental housing stands to rise, with prices predicted to increase 1.5% in 2024. New supply is actually putting the brakes on the rental market, not a lack of movers.
Landlords can take heart from moveBuddha’s data that shows an increase in the market share of small-size moves, as they predict high move intent from renters throughout the 2024 moving season. But renters have plenty to celebrate, too.
The era of moving to “Zoom towns” is not over, as more and more renters recognize that it’s not the time to buy, and that they won’t lose their existing jobs if they opt for new rental digs. Renters who can harness the demand for these moves stand to gain in 2024.
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Written by Emily Koelsch
With changing economic and market conditions, some Landlords are deciding to sell their rental property with Tenants in place. There are various reasons to do this – for example, wanting to take advantage of strong markets, needing cash for other opportunities, or no longer wanting to be a Landlord.
There are some distinct advantages and disadvantages to selling a property with Tenants in place. If you decide to buy or sell a property with Tenants, you must know and respect your Tenants’ rights.
To help you do that, here’s an overview of those Tenant rights and tips for making the process go smoothly.

Tenants have a right to receive an official Notice of Sale of Property. This Notice should be detailed and include specifics about when you’re putting the property on the market, the notice Tenants will receive before showings, and any other Tenant rights or responsibilities.
When drafting this Notice, look at your Lease Agreement and state laws. Some states have specific timelines for when Landlords must give notice. Additionally, good Lease Agreements include language about Notice of Sale and Notice of Showings.
Here are some tips for drafting this Notice:
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One of the most essential things for Landlords and Tenants to understand is that a fixed-term Lease Agreement remains in effect even if ownership changes. The Lease isn’t tied to the Landlord; instead, it remains with the property and is in full effect until the end of the Lease period.
Here are some Lease-related tips when selling a property.
Even with proper Notice and a good Lease, it can be tricky to sell an occupied rental property. The process is stressful for Tenants and presents uncertainty for buyers. Thankfully, there are some ways to make the process go smoothly.
With that in mind, here are some tips to help you market and sell an occupied rental.

Good Tenants and a strong Lease Agreement are key factors for selling your property with Tenants in place. Buyers need to feel comfortable that they won’t have Tenant headaches. When there’s a thorough Lease and the property’s in good condition, the buyer has peace of mind that they’re inheriting quality Tenants.
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By John Triplett
The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has issued two guidance documents addressing the application of the Fair Housing Act to two areas in which the use of artificial intelligence (AI) poses particular concerns: the tenant-screening process and its application to the advertising of housing opportunities through online platforms that use targeted ads, according to a release.
“We have released new guidance to ensure that our partners in the private sector who utilize artificial intelligence and algorithms are aware of how the Fair Housing Act applies to these practices,” acting HUD Secretary Adrianne Todman said in the release.
Demetria McCain, principal deputy assistant secretary for Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity said, “Housing providers, tenant-screening companies, advertisers and online platforms should be aware that the Fair Housing Act applies to tenant screening and the advertising of housing, including when artificial intelligence and algorithms are used to perform these functions.”
“Housing providers have a legitimate interest in selecting tenants who will pay their rent and otherwise comply with lawful requirements of their lease. However, some tenant-screening practices do not in fact serve these goals.
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“Tenant screening based on imprecise or overbroad criteria may unjustifiably exclude people from housing opportunities in discriminatory ways. These issues have been magnified in recent years by the increasing reliance by housing providers on tenant-screening companies to drive tenant-selection decisions.
“An increasing number of tenant-screening companies claim that they use advanced technologies, such as machine learning and other forms of artificial intelligence (“AI”). These technologies can increase these companies’ capacity to access and analyze information about applicants that has not been widely used for rental decisions until recently but may have little bearing on whether someone will comply with their lease.
“These technologies can also lead to a less transparent process by obscuring the precise reasons for a denial from the housing provider and applicant,” HUD says. “The Fair Housing Act applies to housing decisions regardless of what technology is used. Both housing providers and tenant-screening companies have a responsibility to avoid using these technologies in a discriminatory manner.”
On the advertising side, HUD cautioned that online advertising-targeting tools are covered by the Fair Housing Act. The release said violations “may also occur when ad targeting and delivery functions are used, on the basis of protected characteristics, to target vulnerable consumers for predatory products or services, display content that could discourage or deter potential consumers, or charge different amounts for delivered advertisements.”
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In a landmark settlement, a property management company and its landlord have agreed to pay a significant sum following allegations of violating the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (SCRA).
The U.S. Attorney’s Office, Eastern District of Virginia, recently announced the settlement involving a claim between a servicemember homeowner and their landlord and property management company, McGowan Realty LLC, operating as RedSail Property Management. The complaint alleged that the defendants violated the SCRA by imposing early lease termination charges and additional rent on a servicemember.
The SCRA is a federal law enacted to provide legal protections and relief to active-duty servicemembers of the United States Armed Forces. Originally known as the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Civil Relief Act (SSCRA) when it was first passed in 1940, it has undergone amendments and updates over the years.
The SCRA aims to ease the financial and legal burdens placed on servicemembers during active duty by postponing or suspending certain civil obligations. For example, the law allows servicemembers to request a postponement of civil court proceedings, such as lawsuits, foreclosures, or bankruptcy proceedings if their military service materially affects their ability to participate. It also protects servicemembers’ property, such as vehicles, against repossession for nonpayment while they are on active duty.
This lawsuit involved a different provision of the SCRA, which allows servicemembers who receive permanent change of station orders or are deployed for at least 90 days to terminate their residential leases without penalty. Landlords are prohibited from imposing early termination fees or requiring payment of rent beyond the termination date specified in the SCRA.
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Here, the defendants refused to honor a servicemember’s lease termination after he received a permanent order to a new duty station 33.5 miles from his residence in Virginia Beach. The defendants argued they were covered by the Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act. Unlike the SCRA, the Virginia law allows servicemembers to qualify for early lease termination only if they must relocate 35 or more miles from their current residence. Therefore, the defendants forced the sailor to pay $3,408.55 in early termination fees plus additional rent.
The Department of Justice argued that the SCRA offers “relief to servicemembers who would otherwise be forced to pay rent for housing they cannot occupy because they have been ordered to move to another location.” The federal law, they argued, trumped state law in this case because the SCRA has no distance limitation. Moreover, while the SCRA allows a landlord and tenant to waive the applicability of the rules, there was no such waiver in this case. A waiver must be executed in writing separate from the lease.
After spending 14 months and $50,000 in attorneys’ fees litigating the case, the defendants opted to settle. The consent decree requires the defendants to pay the servicemember $10,225.65, which includes the unlawful termination fees and additional rent plus two times the unlawful fees and additional rent assessed. The decree also orders the defendants to pay a $3,000 civil penalty to the U.S. Treasury. Moreover, the company must provide SCRA training for its employees and avoid imposing the 35-mile restriction on leases involving qualifying service members and their dependents.
The resolution of this case sets a precedent for the protection of SCRA rights nationwide. All landlords should be aware of how the SCRA affects their relationship with tenants. In litigation failure to provide a servicemembers affidavit can derail proceedings, wasting the time, effort, and resources of the landlord. Even out of court, failure to abide by SCRA rules can be an expensive mistake.
Source: JD Supra by Ryan Kennedy
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Written by Emily Koelsch
Out-of-state investing is an increasingly popular strategy for real estate investors. Property values vary significantly from one state to the next. For investors who live in expensive markets, investing out of state often means a lower entry price and an increased rate of return.
In addition, there are lots of tools available to make it easier to manage rental properties from out of state. This means that investors can still self-manage their properties to further improve returns.
The combination of these factors has made out-of-state investing an increasingly popular choice. That said, it presents some unique risks and challenges for investors. To help you decide if this strategy is right for you, here’s a look at some things you need to consider before investing in out-of-state real estate.

Research is one of the keys to successfully investing in new markets. Before picking a location, you want to do plenty of research to ensure it’s a good option for the short- and long-term. Look at a variety of different data points, including:
Once you’ve found a market that you’re comfortable with, you’ll also want to do a full financial analysis of any properties you’re considering. This should include:
This analysis will give you an estimate of your monthly cash flow and your return on your investment. Doing this analysis is important in all markets, but it’s particularly important when entering a new area or market.
Once you’ve found a market and property you like, the next thing to do is build a local network and team. This should include:
This is the core team you need to purchase and manage a rental property remotely. You can also benefit by having a network of local real estate investors or by connecting with neighbors who can help keep an eye on your property.
Each state has its own Landlord and Tenant laws. These laws can impact how you manage your property. For example, state laws control:
Before entering into a Lease Agreement, Landlords need to be familiar with the laws of the state where their property is located to ensure that they comply with all applicable laws.
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Out-of-state rental properties can make taxes more complicated for investors. Because you’ll be earning income in a new state, it can impact how you run your business and file taxes. Before investing in a new state, talk with your CPA or tax professional about the tax implications of expanding your portfolio in a new state.
Despite the unique challenges that can come from investing out of state, many investors decide it’s the right choice for them. If you decide to move forward with this strategy, here are some tips to help you get started:
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By John Triplett
The FBI searched property management company Cortland Management’s headquarters in Atlanta in an unannounced search on Wednesday, May 22, according to several reports, as part of a multifamily rent price-fixing investigation.
National apartment developer Cortland Management’s Atlanta office was searched by the FBI under a limited search warrant, a representative for Cortland confirmed. The warrant was connected to an investigation by the Department of Justice (DOJ) into potential antitrust violations in the multifamily housing industry, according to a statement from Cortland.
The FBI property management search is part of a criminal antitrust investigation by the DOJ into allegations that Cortland and other property management companies have been involved in a conspiracy to artificially inflate apartment rents.
“We are cooperating fully with that investigation, and we understand that neither Cortland nor any of our employees are ‘targets’ of that investigation,” Cortland said in a statement. “Due to the ongoing litigation, we cannot comment further at this time.”
The FBI property management search took place May 22, according to MLex, which first reported the news.
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Cortland builds and manages apartment projects in most major markets across the United States, with a nearly $21B portfolio as of September, according to its website. Courtland manages 85,000 rental units across 13 states, including Arizona.
Cortland joins several other large real estate property management companies under investigation for creating a rental monopoly. The investigation is tied to RealPage, a co-defendant and consulting firm whose software has been used to determine the maximum amount rent could be raised, then doing so in tandem in a manner Arizona Attorney General Kris Mayes has characterized as monopolistic.
“The conspiracy allegedly engaged in by RealPage and these landlords has harmed Arizonans and directly contributed to Arizona’s affordable-housing crisis,” said Mayes. “This conspiracy stifled fair competition and essentially established a rental monopoly in our state’s two largest metro areas.”
Multiple tenants across the country have sued RealPage, claiming the tech company’s apartment software helped landlords collude to inflate rents. The lawsuits from around the country were consolidated in federal court in Nashville.
The Justice Department wrote that in the past, collusion has happened with “a formal handshake in a clandestine meeting,” they wrote. “Algorithms are the new frontier, and, given the amount of information an algorithm can access and digest, this new frontier poses an even greater anticompetitive threat than the last.”
A ProPublica investigation last year found that Texas-based software provider RealPage used rent-setting algorithms to recommend rents to landlords across the country to maximize profits — a practice that experts said may violate antitrust laws.
RealPage has denied the allegations.
“Antitrust enforcers have struggled to apply decades-old laws to new technologies such as RealPage’s rent-setting software, which have changed the way competitors interact with one another and with customers,” ProPublica says.
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By Ryan Squires
For landlords, property management bookkeeping is one of those ugly little jobs that must be completed day in and day out. As rent payments come in, expenses go out, and stacks of receipts pile up, it’s easy for landlords to lose sight of their financial pictures.
Imagine facing tax season with disorganized records, struggling to understand your true profitability, or missing out on potential tax deductions because of a misplaced receipt. Solid bookkeeping can help you eliminate these concerns.
That’s why we compiled a list of the five most essential property management bookkeeping tips to help you stay organized throughout the year. If you put in the work upfront, recording your finances and preparing for tax time gets much easier in the long term.
Landlords’ most important step is to build a solid financial foundation. The first step? Establish a system that allows you to track income and expenses accurately.
Open separate accounts for your rental business. And we’re not just talking about opening a single business account that keeps your personal finances separate.
Consider opening an account for daily transactions, a security deposit account to hold tenant funds (which may be required by your state to be interest-bearing), and additional accounts to fund major repairs or capital improvements.
A chart of accounts is the backbone of your bookkeeping system. It categorizes all your income and expenses so you can sort them out easily. Create separate income accounts for rent, late fees, application fees, and pet fees (if applicable).
In terms of expenses, these can include property taxes, maintenance and repairs, management fees, insurance, and utilities (if you, the landlord, pay them). Keep in mind that you can customize your chart of accounts to accommodate whatever needs you have.
Choose between cash and accrual accounting methods to properly document your income and expenses on your tax returns. Let’s briefly discuss each system to find what’s best for your property management bookkeeping system.
The cash accounting system is more straightforward and easy to understand of the two systems. With the cash accounting system, you record income when it’s received and expenses when they’re paid.
For example, when you receive a rent payment, you’ll record it. If your tenant misses a payment, you won’t. As a result, the cash accounting system provides real-time cash flow visibility and a clear picture of your immediate financial situation.
On the downside, cash accounting doesn’t provide the most accurate profitability picture. Your records won’t reflect income earned if it’s not yet received, nor will you see expenses incurred but not yet paid, which makes it harder to get a view of your actual financial standing at a glance.
Accrual accounting is a bit more challenging to understand than cash accounting. This method records income as it’s earned and expenses as they’re incurred. For example, even if a renter misses a payment, you’ll still record it.
On the other hand, if you hire a repair worker and agree to pay them next month, you’ll still record the expense as if you exchanged cash that day. The benefit is that you’ll gain insight into where your accounts are headed rather than where they stand now.
In terms of drawbacks, accrual accounting is more complex to implement. Landlords using this system must track outstanding invoices and accrue expenses. But, if you have a large number of properties, the system can help you get a better overall view of your overall financial health at a moment’s glance.
Of course, the preceding were just a few pros and cons of both systems; diving deeper into each is important to see which will work best for you. If you have a very small portfolio, cash accounting makes sense because it’s simple. But, as your number of portfolios scales, you may want to consider the accrual method.
Software like REI Hub helps landlords keep track of all their income and expenses without manual data entry. REI Hub enables you to link your bank account to import expenses and income quickly and securely for increased accuracy.
Plus, with secure document storage, you can snap photos of receipts and keep them in a single, digital location rather than searching for them in drawers or shoeboxes.
Now that you’ve got an idea of how to lay your bookkeeping foundation, the work shifts to ensure a solid and reliable flow of transactions. The best way to start streamlining your processes is to use property management software with the following features.
With online rent collection, landlords can easily collect rent without the hassle of meeting tenants in person and depositing cash, checks, or money orders at the bank. Plus, with the right software, all your income gets automatically recorded for easy bookkeeping.
Additionally, software providers like TurboTenant enable landlords to send late payment reminders and automatically apply late fees.
You could manually record your rental property expenses via a spreadsheet, but as you scale your properties, the number of transactions increases markedly. Instead, use bookkeeping software from TurboTenant to effortlessly record each transaction, store digital receipts, and effortlessly send those transactions to REI Hub for streamlined tracking. It’s property management bookkeeping simplified.
As alluded to in the expense tracking section, you can use software to automate some of your more repetitive tasks.
Software like REI Hub enables landlords to record monthly transactions automatically with their Rules system. Systems like this match transactions based on their amounts and descriptions and apply them to specific properties, revenue, or expense accounts.
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Bank reconciliation is comparing your bank statements to your bookkeeping records. It’s a critical step toward ensuring the accuracy of your financial data because it helps landlords identify discrepancies.
You can choose to reconcile your accounts at any frequency that makes sense to you, but many landlords perform the task every month. You could reconcile accounts by manually comparing bank statements with transactions made in a spreadsheet or in bookkeeping software. Alternatively, software like REI Hub can automate the process to ensure smooth sailing.
Regularly running reports provides landlords with valuable insights into their business performance. Aside from performance considerations, running reports gives landlords financial clarity to help make informed decisions, prepare taxes, and track investments.
Landlords should consider generating the following reports consistently, and many different accounting software brands offer these types of reports.
Profit and loss statements, or P&L statements, summarize your income and expenses over specified periods. They’re essential to calculate net profit and identify areas where you can optimize rental income.
If you’re looking for a snapshot of your financial position at a specific point in time, create a balance sheet. In a single report, balance sheets show assets, liabilities, and the owner’s equity.
If you have more than a couple of properties, utilizing rent roll reports can help you understand how much rent you’ve collected on a per-property basis. They’re essential reports that help landlords get a quick at-a-glance look at who has and hasn’t paid rent.
Schedule E forms are less directly relevant to understanding a property’s financial health on a day-to-day basis, unlike P&L statements, balance sheets, and rent rolls.
Instead, think of it as a yearly report card specifically for tax purposes. Landlords use Schedule E forms to report all their rental income and expenses (including depreciation) for the entire tax year to the IRS. This helps them determine their taxable income from the rental property and claim any eligible deductions to minimize their tax burden. It’s a crucial step in ensuring accurate tax filing for rental properties.
For landlords, maintaining a well-organized bookkeeping system is critical for your long-term success. Tax time will be difficult if you can’t properly account for all the income and expenses of running a property management business.
Plus, staying organized will help you understand precisely where you stand financially. Not only is it good business sense, but it’s critical if you want to create passive income and stay in business.
TurboTenant’s software enables landlords to collect rent online and record expenses from the mobile app. Then, income and expenses can automatically be filtered into REI Hub for streamlined financial tracking — consider it property management bookkeeping on easy mode.
Sign up for a free TurboTenant account today and add bookkeeper to your list of titles.
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